Chapter 6: Safe Riding Rules

Journey Planning

• Plan your route before riding
• Check weather conditions
• Ensure your motorcycle is in good condition before departure
• Allow extra time for unfamiliar routes

The CITO Concept (Hazard Identification)

• C — Concentrate: Keep full attention on the road. Avoid distractions.
• I — Identify: Spot potential hazards early — other vehicles, pedestrians, road conditions.
• T — Think: Assess the risk and decide on the safest course of action.
• O — Organize: Execute your plan — change speed, position, or direction as needed.

Safe Following Distance

• Maintain at least a 2-second gap behind the vehicle in front
• In wet conditions, increase to 4 seconds
• At higher speeds, increase the distance further
• How to measure: Pick a fixed point. When the vehicle ahead passes it, count "one thousand and one, one thousand and two." You should not reach the point before finishing.

Overtaking Rules

• Only overtake when it is safe and legal
• Check mirrors and blind spots before overtaking
• Signal your intention before moving out
• Ensure there is enough space to return to your lane
• Never overtake at bends, junctions, pedestrian crossings, or where prohibited by signs
• Do not overtake when visibility is limited

Road Priority — Visual Examples

Study these junction scenarios to understand who has right of way:

Key Signs for Safe Riding

Blind Spot Awareness

• Motorcycles are smaller and harder for other drivers to see
• Avoid riding in the blind spots of larger vehicles (trucks, buses)
• Position yourself where you can be seen in other drivers' mirrors
• Always do a head check (shoulder check) before changing lanes

Carrying Passengers and Cargo

• Only carry passengers on a motorcycle designed for two
• Passengers must wear a helmet
• Do not carry loads that affect balance or visibility
• Ensure cargo is securely fastened
• Adjust riding speed when carrying a passenger — braking distances increase

Mirrors and Signals

• Check mirrors regularly — every 5 to 8 seconds
• Signal before changing direction or lane, not during
• Cancel your signal after completing the maneuver
• Use hand signals if indicators are not working